next | previous | forward | backward | up | top | index | toc | Macaulay2 web site
NumericalHilbert :: zeroDimensionalDual

zeroDimensionalDual -- dual space of a zero-dimensional polynomial ideal

Synopsis

Description

Computes a reduced basis of the dual space of a zero-dimensional ideal. It does not check if the ideal is zero-dimensional and if not then termination will fail. Elements are expressed as elements of the polynomial ring of the ideal although this is an abuse of notation. They are really elements of the dual ring.
i1 : R = QQ[a,b];
i2 : I = ideal{a^3,b^3}

             3   3
o2 = ideal (a , b )

o2 : Ideal of R
i3 : D = zeroDimensionalDual(origin(R), I)

o3 = | 1 a b a2 ab b2 a2b ab2 a2b2 |

o3 : DualSpace
i4 : dim D

o4 = 9
The dimension of the dual space at p is the multiplicity of the solution at p.
i5 : S = CC[x,y];
i6 : J = ideal{(y-2)^2,y-x^2}

             2              2
o6 = ideal (y  - 4y + 4, - x  + y)

o6 : Ideal of S
i7 : p = point matrix{{1.4142136,2}};
i8 : D = zeroDimensionalDual(p, J)

o8 = | -1 -.333333x-.942809y |

o8 : DualSpace
i9 : dim D

o9 = 2
See also truncatedDual.

Caveat

The computation will not terminate if I is not locally zero-dimensional at the chosen point. This is not checked.

Ways to use zeroDimensionalDual :